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Disease Profile

Hermansky Pudlak syndrome 2

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Neonatal

ICD-10

E70.3

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

HPS2; Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 2; Platelet defects and oculocutaneous albinism

Categories

Blood Diseases; Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Eye diseases;

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 183678

Definition
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 2 (HPS-2) is a type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS; see this term), a multi-system disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis and neutropenia.

Epidemiology
To date HPS-2 has been described in eight patients.

Clinical description
HPS-2 presents with features of HPS including oculocutaneous albinisim, reduced visual acuity, horizontal nystagmus, easy bruising of soft tissues, epistaxis, and prolonged bleeding after dental extraction, surgery or childbirth. Women may present with medically significant menstrual bleeding. In addition, HPS-2 patients present with recurrent infections due to neutropenia and impaired cytotoxic activity. Recently, pulmonary fibrosis has been described in some HPS-2 cases.

Etiology
HPS-2 is caused by mutations in the AP3B1 gene (5q14.1) and is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. The gene product is the Beta 3A subunit of adaptor protein 3 (AP3), involved in vesicle formation and protein sorting.

Management and treatment
The neutropenia is responsive to granulocytecell stimulating factor (G-CSF).

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
1%-4% of people have these symptoms
Acetabular dysplasia
0008807
Albinism
0001022
Carious teeth
Dental cavities
Tooth cavities
Tooth decay

[ more ]

0000670
Chronic oral candidiasis
Chronic oral thrush
0009098
Coarse facial features
Coarse facial appearance
0000280
Epicanthus
Eye folds
Prominent eye folds

[ more ]

0000286
Fair hair
Blond hair
Fair hair color
Flaxen hair color
Light colored hair
Sandy hair color
Straw colored hair
Towhead (hair color)

[ more ]

0002286
Gastroesophageal reflux
Acid reflux
Acid reflux disease
Heartburn

[ more ]

0002020
Hepatomegaly
Enlarged liver
0002240
Hepatosplenomegaly
Enlarged liver and spleen
0001433
Horizontal nystagmus
0000666
Impaired ADP-induced platelet aggregation
0004866
Intellectual disability, mild
Mental retardation, borderline-mild
Mild and nonprogressive mental retardation
Mild mental retardation

[ more ]

0001256
Long philtrum
0000343
Low-set ears
Low set ears
Lowset ears

[ more ]

0000369
Mild global developmental delay
0011342
Motor delay
0001270
Neutropenia
Low blood neutrophil count
Low neutrophil count

[ more ]

0001875
Periodontitis
0000704
Photophobia
Extreme sensitivity of the eyes to light
Light hypersensitivity

[ more ]

0000613
Posteriorly rotated ears
Ears rotated toward back of head
0000358
Prolonged bleeding time
0003010
Recurrent abscess formation
0002722
Recurrent bacterial infections
Bacterial infections, recurrent
Frequent bacterial infections
Increased susceptibility to bacterial infections
Recurrent major bacterial infections

[ more ]

0002718
Recurrent otitis media
Recurrent middle ear infection
0000403
Recurrent pneumonia
0006532
Reduced natural killer cell activity
0012178
Reduced natural killer cell count
0040218
Reduced visual acuity
Decreased clarity of vision
0007663
Splenomegaly
Increased spleen size
0001744
Thin upper lip vermilion
Thin upper lip
0000219
Thrombocytopenia
Low platelet count
0001873
Wide nasal bridge
Broad nasal bridge
Broad nasal root
Broadened nasal bridge
Increased breadth of bridge of nose
Increased breadth of nasal bridge
Increased width of bridge of nose
Increased width of nasal bridge
Nasal bridge broad
Wide bridge of nose
Widened nasal bridge

[ more ]

0000431
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Aberrant melanosome maturation
0007384
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Congenital onset
Symptoms present at birth
0003577
Microcephaly
Abnormally small skull
Decreased circumference of cranium
Decreased size of skull
Reduced head circumference
Small head circumference

[ more ]

0000252
Ocular albinism
Absent pigmentation in the eye
0001107
Pulmonary fibrosis
0002206
Smooth philtrum
0000319
Strabismus
Cross-eyed
Squint
Squint eyes

[ more ]

0000486
Upslanted palpebral fissure
Upward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000582

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

    Organizations

    Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

    Organizations Supporting this Disease

      Learn more

      These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

      Where to Start

      • Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Hermansky Pudlak syndrome 2. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.

        In-Depth Information

        • GeneReviews provides current, expert-authored, peer-reviewed, full-text articles describing the application of genetic testing to the diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling of patients with specific inherited conditions.
        • Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
          Dermatologic Manifestations of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
          Hermansky Pudlak syndrome Ophthalmology
        • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
        • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
        • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
        • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Hermansky Pudlak syndrome 2. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.