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Disease Profile

Omsk hemorrhagic fever

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

All ages

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ICD-10

A98.1

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

OHF

Categories

Viral infections

Summary

Omsk hemorrhagic fever (OHF), caused by Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV), is an infection that occurs primarily in the western Siberia regions of Omsk, Novosibirsk, Kurgan and Tyumen. People can become infected from tick bites, or from contact with the blood, feces, or urine of an infected or dead animal (most commonly a rodent who was infected by a tick). Human exposure may also occur from contaminated water, in a laboratory setting, or through the milk of infected goats or sheep. No person-to-person transmission has been documented.[1]

The first signs and symptoms of OHF may begin between 3 to 8 days after exposure and may include chills, fever, nausea, headache, and severe muscle pain. Other symptoms that may occur 3 to 4 days after the first symptoms begin include vomiting, other gastrointestinal problems, and bleeding problems.[1][2] In rare cases, OHF can cause hearing loss, hair loss, and behavioral or psychological problems.[1]

There is no specific treatment for OHF, but important aspects of management include hydration and taking usual precautions for people with bleeding disorders. Some people with OHF recover within 2 weeks with no complications. However, others experience a second episode of symptoms, including fever and encephalitis, about 3 weeks after the initial onset of symptoms. In up to 3% of people with OHF, the infection is fatal.[1]

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.

References

  1. Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever (OHF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). December 9, 2013; https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/omsk/index.html.
  2. Omsk hemorrhagic fever. Orphanet. https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=en&Expert=319266. Accessed 5/7/2018.