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Disease Profile

Sheldon-Hall syndrome

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

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ICD-10

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Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

DA2B; Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita distal type 2B; Freeman Sheldon syndrome, variant;

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases

Summary

Sheldon-Hall syndrome, also known as distal arthrogryposis type 2B, is characterized by joint deformities (contractures) that restrict movement in the hands and feet. People with this condition may also have distinctive facial features, extra folds of skin on the neck, and short stature. Intelligence and life expectancy are not usually affected. Sheldon-Hall syndrome can be caused by mutations in the MYH3, TNNI2, TNNT3, or TPM2 gene. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. In about 50% of cases, an affected person inherits the mutation from an affected parent. Other cases result from a new mutation in the gene and occur in people with no family history of the disorder.[1] While there is no specific treatment for this condition, occupational and physical therapy, serial casting, and/or surgery may benefit those who are affected.[2]

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Adducted thumb
Inward turned thumb
0001181
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the radius
0006501
Bilateral single transverse palmar creases
0007598
Joint stiffness
Stiff joint
Stiff joints

[ more ]

0001387
Scoliosis
0002650
Webbed neck
Neck webbing
0000465
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of the hip bone
Abnormality of the hips
0003272
High palate
Elevated palate
Increased palatal height

[ more ]

0000218
Micrognathia
Little lower jaw
Small jaw
Small lower jaw

[ more ]

0000347
Narrow face
Decreased breadth of face
Decreased width of face

[ more ]

0000275
Overlapping fingers
0010557
Protruding ear
Prominent ear
Prominent ears

[ more ]

0000411
Round ear
0100830
Short neck
Decreased length of neck
0000470
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature

[ more ]

0004322
Tarsal synostosis
Fused ankle bones
0008368
Ulnar deviation of finger
Finger bends toward pinky
0009465
Ulnar deviation of the wrist
0003049
Vertebral segmentation defect
0003422
Wide nasal bridge
Broad nasal bridge
Broad nasal root
Broadened nasal bridge
Increased breadth of bridge of nose
Increased breadth of nasal bridge
Increased width of bridge of nose
Increased width of nasal bridge
Nasal bridge broad
Wide bridge of nose
Widened nasal bridge

[ more ]

0000431
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormality of the ear
0000598
Absent phalangeal crease
0006109
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
0002804
Autosomal dominant inheritance
0000006
Calcaneovalgus deformity
0001848
Camptodactyly of finger
Permanent flexion of the finger
0100490
Distal arthrogryposis
0005684
Downslanted palpebral fissures
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000494
Long philtrum
0000343
Mandibular prognathia
Big lower jaw
Increased projection of lower jaw
Increased size of lower jaw
Large lower jaw
Prominent chin
Prominent lower jaw

[ more ]

0000303
Metatarsus adductus
Front half of foot turns inward
0001840
Narrow mouth
Small mouth
0000160
Prominent nasolabial fold
Deep laugh lines
Deep smile lines
Prominent laugh lines
Prominent smile lines

[ more ]

0005272
Rocker bottom foot
Rocker bottom feet
Rocker-bottom feet
Rockerbottom feet

[ more ]

0001838
Talipes equinovarus
Club feet
Club foot
Clubfeet
Clubfoot

[ more ]

0001762
Triangular face
Face with broad temples and narrow chin
Triangular facial shape

[ more ]

0000325
Ulnar deviation of the hand or of fingers of the hand
0001193

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

    Organizations

    Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

    Organizations Supporting this Disease

      Learn more

      These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

      Where to Start

      • Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Sheldon-Hall syndrome. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.
      • The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) has a report for patients and families about this condition. NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them.

        In-Depth Information

        • Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
        • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
        • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
        • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
        • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Sheldon-Hall syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

          References

          1. Sheldon-Hall syndrome. Genetics Home Reference (GHR). June 2015; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/sheldon-hall-syndrome.
          2. Bamshad M, Toydemir R. Sheldon-Hall syndrome. Orphanet. March 2009; https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=EN&Expert=1147.